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IP Case LawActs & SectionsTrade Marks Act, 1999

Trade Marks Act, 1999

Select a provision to see the judgments in the database that turn on it.

Section 11(1) (2)Section 11(1)(a) (1)Section 11(2) (2)Section 11(4) (1)Section 11(5) (2)Section 11(6) (2)Section 11(7) (2)Section 12 (1)Section 124 (1)Section 124(4) (1)Section 134 (1)Section 135 (1)Section 18 (1)Section 18(1) (1)Section 2(1)(zg) (3)Section 25(3) (2)Section 27 (1)Section 27(2) (3)Section 28 (2)Section 28(1) (1)Section 28(3) (4)Section 29 (5)Section 29(2)(b) (1)Section 29(8) (1)Section 30(2) (1)Section 30(2)(e) (1)Section 31(1) (1)Section 34 (4)Section 47(1)(A) (1)Section 48(2) (1)Section 57 (1)Section 9(1)(a) (1)Section 91 (1)

Judgments citing this Act

Trade Marks

ADS Spirits Pvt. Ltd. v. The Registrar of Trade Marks

Delhi High Court · C.A.(COMM.IPD-TM) 8/2026 and I.A. 3697/2026

Section 9(1)(a) of the Trade Marks Act, 1999 proscribes registration only where a mark is devoid of distinctive character, that is, incapable of distinguishing the goods or services of one person from those of another; it does not…

Absolute Grounds for RefusalArbitrary MarkDistinctivenessNon-speaking Order
Trade Marks

Amrit Singh Mehta trading as Mehta Cosmetics v. Controller General of Patents, Designs and Trade Marks

Delhi High Court · W.P.(C)-IPD 5/2026

Where a trade mark is registered after its normal renewal date, the proprietor is entitled to a six-month period from the actual date of registration to seek renewal. Further, a trade mark cannot be removed for non-renewal without…

Form O-2Form O-3Registration CertificateRemoval of Trademark
Trade Marks

Arun Kumar Gupta v. Registrar of Trade Marks

Delhi High Court · W.P.(C)-IPD 28/2026 and C.M. Nos. 175-176/2026

Issuance of notice in Form O-3 under Section 25(3) of the Trade Marks Act, 1999 is a mandatory pre-condition for removal of a trade mark from the Register on account of non-renewal. Mere expiry of registration or failure to file a…

Form O-3Mandatory NoticeRegistered ProprietorRemoval of Trademark
Trade Marks

Ashiana Ispat Limited v. Kamdhenu Limited & Ors.

Delhi High Court · FAO(OS) (COMM) 120/2026 with CM APPL. 27051/2026

A mere contractual promise to let someone adopt and use a mark is not the same as transferring ownership, where the contract makes ownership conditional on registration. Non-use of a mark for decades defeats a claim to common-law …

AssignmentDiscretionary OrderInterlocutory InjunctionLicence
Trade Marks

Columbia Pictures Industries, Inc v. Registrar of Trade Marks & Anr.

Delhi High Court · C.A.(COMM.IPD-TM) 44/2025

Section 11(2) does not require a mark to have been formally declared well-known before its proprietor can invoke that status to oppose a similar or identical mark on dissimilar goods; it is enough that the mark is, in substance, e…

Bad Faith AdoptionCross-class ProtectionOppositionRemand
Copyright

Dr. Ashok M. Bhat v. Harichand Nagpal & Ors.

Bombay High Court · IA (L) No. 9324 of 2025 with NOM No. 1269 of 2016 in Commercial IP Suit No. 378 of 2021

An injunction against use of a registered artistic work follows the artistic work onto any label, not merely the one impugned in the plaint. In Order XXXIX Rule 2A proceedings justification is no defence: so long as an order stand…

Contempt of InjunctionCounterfeitingExemplary CostsOrder XXXIX Rule 2A
Trade Marks

Havells India Limited & Anr. v. Havai Home Products Pvt. Ltd. & Ors.

Delhi High Court · CS(COMM) 778/2024 (with I.A. 38970/2024)

Even a registered proprietor may be restrained from using a trade mark where the ingredients of passing off are established. Section 27(2) preserves the common-law remedy of passing off notwithstanding the statutory rights arising…

Anti-Dissection RuleDeceptive SimilarityDishonest AdoptionPassing Off
Trade Marks

Industria De Diseno Textil, S.A. v. Registrar of Trade Marks & Anr.

Delhi High Court · C.A.(COMM.IPD-TM) 52/2024, I.A. 33885/2024

Section 11(2) does not require an earlier mark to have a formal declaration of well-known status before its owner can oppose a later mark; the provision only requires that the mark is well known. The term 'entitled' in Explanation…

Anti-Dissection RuleBad FaithDeceptive SimilarityPhonetic Similarity
Trade Marks

New Balance Athletics Inc. v. Astormueller AG and Ors.

Delhi High Court · CS(COMM) 962/2025

Registration of a mark is no defence to a passing off action, since rights under Section 27(2) are independent of and override the bar in Section 28(3) on one registered proprietor suing another for infringement. Registration mere…

Anti-Dissection RuleDeceptive SimilarityInitial Interest ConfusionPassing Off
Trade Marks

Opella Healthcare Group v. Pureca Laboratories Pvt Ltd (Trade Marks)

Delhi High Court · CS(COMM) 552/2024 & I.A. 32616/2024 (arising out of I.A. 4622/2025)

Where a coordinate bench, following an unchallenged rectification order, has found the mark in question deceptively similar to the plaintiff's registered mark, the defendant has no real prospect of successfully defending the infri…

Deceptive SimilarityPassing OffPharmaceutical MarksPrior Use
Trade Marks

Parle Products Pvt. Ltd. v. The Registrar of Trade Marks & Anr.

Delhi High Court · LPA 316/2026 & CM APPL. 27819-20/2026

Where two parties file competing applications for registration of an identical or deceptively similar trade mark on a proposed-to-be-used basis, priority for registration under Section 18 of the Trade Marks Act, 1999 is determined…

Approbation and ReprobationPrior RegistrationPriorityProposed to be Used
Trade Marks

Sun Pharma Laboratories Ltd. v. Finecure Pharmaceuticals Ltd. & Ors.

Delhi High Court · FAO(OS) (COMM) 200/2023, CM APPL. 47338-47340/2023

Mere delay in approaching the Court is not, by itself, sufficient to refuse an injunction, particularly in the pharmaceutical field where confusion between similar marks may also affect public interest.

Deceptive SimilarityDelayInterim InjunctionPANTOCID
Trade Marks

TV Today Network v. Saurashtra Aaj Tak & Anr.

Delhi High Court · RFA 320/2012 & CM APPL. 80300/2025

In a passing-off action the focus is on protecting the goodwill of the earlier user from a later use that is likely to create confusion or an impression of association. Actual confusion or loss need not always be proved; likelihoo…

AajTakDeceptive SimilarityDisclaimerGoodwill