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Judgments of the Supreme Court and the High Courts on patents, trade marks, copyright, designs and geographical indications — organised by Act and section, each with a link to the judgment on the court’s website.

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for “Imperfect Recollection”

Trade Marks

Amritdhara Pharmacy v. Satya Deo Gupta

Supreme Court of India · AIR 1963 SC 449

Deceptive similarity between trade marks must be assessed by comparing the marks as a whole for their overall phonetic, visual and structural resemblance, from the standpoint of a person of average intelligence and imperfect recol…

AcquiescenceDeceptive SimilarityHonest Concurrent UseImperfect Recollection
Trade Marks

Havells India Limited & Anr. v. Havai Home Products Pvt. Ltd. & Ors.

Delhi High Court · CS(COMM) 778/2024 (with I.A. 38970/2024)

Even a registered proprietor may be restrained from using a trade mark where the ingredients of passing off are established. Section 27(2) preserves the common-law remedy of passing off notwithstanding the statutory rights arising…

Anti-Dissection RuleDeceptive SimilarityDishonest AdoptionPassing Off
Trade Marks

Ruston & Hornsby Ltd. v. Zamindara Engineering Co.

Supreme Court of India · AIR 1970 SC 1649

Where the essential or dominant feature of a defendant's mark is deceptively similar to a registered trade mark, the addition of a descriptive, geographical or laudatory word does not by itself cure the infringement; for marks tha…

Composite MarksDeceptive SimilarityDominant MarkInfringement
Geographical Indications

Scotch Whisky Association & Anr. v. Pravara Sahakari Shakar Karkhana Ltd.

Bombay High Court · AIR 1992 Bom 294

Reputation and goodwill in a geographical class name vest collectively in the genuine producers of that class of goods, entitling any of them to restrain, by a passing off action, a trader who uses get-up, imagery or descriptive w…

Deceptive SimilarityExtended Passing OffGeographical IndicationPassing Off
Trade Marks

Yahoo!, Inc. v. Akash Arora & Anr.

Delhi High Court · 78 (1999) DLT 285

A domain name is capable of functioning as a trade mark and business identifier, and its use by another in a manner deceptively similar to a prior user's trade mark or domain name, likely to confuse an average internet user, is ac…

CybersquattingDeceptive SimilarityDomain NamesOnline Infringement